We locate the comparative advantages of Canada and Europe on the basis of their fundamentals only: endowments, technologies, and preferences. A linear program with an input-output core and an algorith for the balance of payments constraint will determine the efficient allocation of resources. The supporting allocations determine the optimum pattern of trade. The Canadian advantage compared to Europe is in minerals, machines and clothing & footwear. Gains to free bilateral trade are estimated to be negligible for the big economy, Europe, but significant for the small one, Canada. The pattern of comparative advantage persists when we allowfor free access to technology and consumption coefficients and, therefore, can be ascribed to the endowments.